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Offline juram

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50 lat - APOLLO 7
« dnia: Październik 10, 2018, 12:35 »
Jutro mija 50 lat od startu pierwszej załogowej misji programu Apollo, podczas której w locie orbitalnym przetestowano moduł dowodzenia Command Space Module (CSM). Załoga: dowódca Walter Schirra, oraz dwaj piloci - Donn Eisele i Walter Cunningham podczas 11 dniowej misji z powodzeniem wykonała zadanie.


Foto - Retro Space Images

Tak to się zaczęło.

https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollo_7
« Ostatnia zmiana: Październik 10, 2018, 15:42 wysłana przez juram »

Online Orionid

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Odp: 50 lat - APOLLO 7
« Odpowiedź #1 dnia: Październik 10, 2018, 16:03 »
Ciekawe , że nikt z załogi Apollo 7 nie poleciał już później.


Artykuły astronautyczne
« Ostatnia zmiana: Czerwiec 23, 2022, 20:28 wysłana przez Orionid »

Online Orionid

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Odp: 50 lat - APOLLO 7
« Odpowiedź #2 dnia: Październik 10, 2018, 16:05 »
Riding the 'Big Maumoo': 50 Years Since Apollo 7 Brought America's Lunar Goal Closer (Part 1)
By Ben Evans, on October 7th, 2018


Powered by the eight H-1 engines of its first stage, the Saturn IB delivers America’s first three-man crew of astronauts towards low-Earth orbit on 11 October 1968. Photo Credit: NASA

By the time they launched on 11 October 1968, Schirra, Eisele and Cunningham had spent an estimated 600 hours in the Command Module (CM) simulator, operating 725 manual controls and responding to numerous simulated malfunctions. They had tested the Chrysler-built slidewire—which would whisk them to safety in the event of an emergency evacuation from Pad 34—and had crawled out of a mockup of their ship in the Gulf of Mexico. They had also pored over hundreds of pages of documentation and flight plans. In theory, Apollo 7’s test objectives could be accomplished in as little as three days, but according to Apollo Program Director Sam Phillips was “open-ended” to 11 days to permit the collection of “additional data and evaluate the aspects of long-duration spaceflight”. (...)


The S-IVB second stage of the Saturn IB, pictured during Apollo 7 rendezvous operations, shortly after launch on 11 October 1968. Photo Credit: NASA

Ten and a half minutes after launch, Apollo 7 was inserted perfectly into orbit and S-IVB shut down on time. Both stages of the Saturn IB had performed near-perfectly on the rocket’s first flight with humans aboard. Two hours and 55 minutes into the flight, the spacecraft undocked from the second stage and pulsed its reaction-control thrusters twice to effect a simulated rendezvous, which lunar-bound astronauts would use to collect their Lunar Module (LM) from the S-IVB.

Although there was no lunar module aboard Apollo 7, the exercise provided useful practice and Schirra brought his ship within 5 feet (1.5 meters) of the spent rocket. Unfortunately, said Cunningham, one of the four adapter panels had not fully deployed, due to a stuck retention cable, although they would be jettisoned explosively on later missions to ensure LM extraction. It had been a successful start to what would prove a hugely successful—though not uncontroversial—mission.

http://www.americaspace.com/2018/10/07/riding-the-big-maumoo-50-years-since-apollo-7-brought-americas-lunar-goal-closer-part-1/

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Odp: 50 lat - APOLLO 7
« Odpowiedź #3 dnia: Październik 15, 2018, 22:38 »
'Yabadabadoo': 50 Years Since Apollo 7 Brought America's Lunar Goal Closer (Part 2)
By Ben Evans, on October 14th, 2018


The three men who eventually formed the prime crew of Apollo 7 were originally assigned to the short-lived Apollo 2 mission. Left to right, are Walt Cunningham, Donn Eisele and Wally Schirra. Photo Credit: NASA

(...) One of Apollo 7’s most significant tasks was testing the Service Propulsion System (SPS) engine at the base of the Service Module, which would be used on Moon-bound missions to effect entry into, and departure from, lunar orbit. The astronauts oversaw a total of eight SPS “burns”, the first of which caught Schirra with such surprise that he let out a whooped “Yabadabadoo”, in imitation of Fred Flintstone. Eisele remarked later that they “got more than we expected” from the SPS and the additional impulse literally plastered them back into their couches. Apollo 7 simulated multiple-duration burns, from a fraction of a second to over a minute long.

Other systems aboard Apollo 7 performed equally well. Occasionally, one of the three electricity-generating fuel cells would develop unwanted high temperatures, but load-sharing hook-ups prevented any power shortages. Visibility through the windows was mixed, with sooty deposits noted shortly after the jettisoning of the Saturn IB’s escape tower and spots of water condensation seen at other times. Two days into the flight, however, Cunningham reported that most of the windows were in fairly good condition, although moisture was gathering between the inner panes in one case. A similar situation was seen by Schirra a few days later. Nonetheless, the windows proved adequate, particularly during the rendezvous and station-keeping with the S-IVB, when they were almost clear.

On a more mundane level, the waste-management system—Apollo’s rudimentary toilet—proved adequate, if annoying. Its defecation bags, which contained a blue germicidal tablet to prevent bacterial and gas formation, could be sealed easily and stored in empty food containers in the Command Module’s lower equipment bay. However, they were far from ideal, still produced unpleasant odors and took each astronaut 45-60 minutes to complete. To add insult to injury, the germicidal tablets then had to be kneaded into the contents of the defecation bag to ensure that they were fully mixed. Not surprisingly, many astronauts found themselves postponing their “need to go” for as long as possible.

Sleep brought mixed blessings, with Schirra complaining about the around-the-clock operations which disrupted their normal routine. Sometimes they might go to bed as early as 4 p.m. or as late as 4 a.m., he said, and a consensus was finally reached whereby Eisele kept watch on Apollo 7’s systems whilst Schirra and Cunningham slept and vice versa. Two sleeping bags were mounted beneath the couches and the astronauts typically zipped themselves inside, although the incorrect positioning of restraint straps made them less than ideal. Cunningham preferred to sleep in his couch with a shoulder harness and lap belt to keep still. However, if two crew members did this, they invariably disturbed their colleague who was awake. By the third day of the flight, thankfully, they had worked out a routine to get enough sleep. (...)

http://www.americaspace.com/2018/10/14/yabadabadoo-50-years-since-apollo-7-brought-americas-lunar-goal-closer-part-2/
« Ostatnia zmiana: Październik 22, 2018, 22:08 wysłana przez Orionid »

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Odp: 50 lat - APOLLO 7
« Odpowiedź #3 dnia: Październik 15, 2018, 22:38 »

Offline ekoplaneta

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Odp: 50 lat - APOLLO 7
« Odpowiedź #4 dnia: Październik 15, 2018, 22:58 »
Ciekawe , że nikt z załogi Apollo 7 nie poleciał już później.

Z tego co pamiętam z filmu: ,,Kierunk Księżyc" wyświetlanego w latach 90-tych w TVP, astronauci Apollo 7 nie słuchali się NASA i dlatego więcej już nie polecieli. Jeśli dobrze pamiętam, powodem buntu był napięty harmonogram misji i chłopcy nie wyrabiali....

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Odp: 50 lat - APOLLO 7
« Odpowiedź #5 dnia: Październik 15, 2018, 23:36 »
NASA Celebrates the 50th Anniversary of Apollo 7
Oct. 11, 2018


https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=25&v=wolBYX84Efk

Even 50 years later, Apollo 7 is still remembered as one of the most important first test flights of any spacecraft.

(...) On Oct. 11, Apollo 7 launched from Cape Kennedy Air Force Station, Florida. The Saturn IB rocket performed well and the liftoff was smooth. Aside from minor hardware problems, there were no significant problems or anomalies during the flight. The Apollo Command and Service Module passed the test and cleared the way for Apollo 8 to complete its lunar orbit, and instilled the confidence in the Apollo 11 crew to land on the moon. Apollo 7 was not only the first three-person American space mission, but it was also the first to include a live television broadcast from inside an American spacecraft.

Eleven days after the launch, the Apollo 7 crew splashed down south of Bermuda and the crew was instantly celebrated for their success.

“It was the longest, it was the most ambitious, and most successful first test flight of any new flying machine, ever,” said Apollo 7 Lunar Module Pilot Walter Cunningham. “And it’s still true today, 50 years later.”

https://www.nasa.gov/feature/nasa-celebrates-the-50th-anniversary-of-apollo-7

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Odp: 50 lat - APOLLO 7
« Odpowiedź #6 dnia: Październik 22, 2018, 22:08 »
'From the Lovely Apollo Room': 50 Years Since Apollo 7 Brought America's Lunar Goal Closer (Part 3)
By Ben Evans, on October 21st, 2018


Exultant and exhausted, the crew of Apollo 7—from the left, Schirra, Eisele and Cunningham—greets well-wishers after the second-longest U.S. manned spaceflight at the time. Photo Credit: NASA

(...) Two days into the mission, the crew performed the first live televised event from a U.S. manned spacecraft. It was the first of seven scheduled TV transmissions, timed to occur as Apollo 7 passed over the Corpus Christi, Texas, and Cape Kennedy, Fla., ground stations. The crew opened the first telecast with a sign which read “From the lovely Apollo room, high atop everything”, then aimed their camera through the window as they passed above New Orleans and over Florida. Later transmissions included tours of the command module and explanations of how food was prepared and how dried fruit juice was reconstituted with water. The telecasts were well-received and the astronauts enjoyed them, telling viewers to “Keep Those Cards and Letters Coming In, Folks”. After the flight, these “Wally, Walt and Donn Shows” proved so popular that the astronauts won a special Emmy award.

By 12 October, Apollo 7 had drifted about 70 miles (112 km) from the Saturn IB’s S-IVB second stage. The crew’s task was to re-rendezvous with it. This was not as straightforward as it had been on Project Gemini, since the command module lacked a rendezvous radar and the astronauts were unable to read their range and closing velocity to the target. However, wrote Schirra in his autobiography, Schirra’s Space, “we made it through the rendezvous, with each of us aging about a year”, and Apollo 7 edged to within 60 feet (18 meters) of the spent rocket stage. The maneuver proved quite traumatic, with no clear awareness of their closing motions, and the S-IVB itself was spinning throughout like an angry whale. (...)

http://www.americaspace.com/2018/10/21/from-the-lovely-apollo-room-50-years-since-apollo-7-brought-americas-lunar-goal-closer-part-3/

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Odp: 50 lat - APOLLO 7
« Odpowiedź #7 dnia: Październik 22, 2018, 22:10 »
Fisher Space Pen celebrates 50 years in space with Apollo 7 pen set



October 18, 2018 — Fifty years ago, Walt Cunningham became one of NASA's first Apollo astronauts to fly into space and, aboard the same mission, one of the first people to use a Space Pen.

Cunningham, together with his Apollo 7 crewmates Wally Schirra and Donn Eisele, spent 11 days in Earth orbit checking out the Apollo command and service module systems. Launched atop a Saturn IB rocket on Oct. 11, 1968, the three astronauts confirmed that the spacecraft was ready to support subsequent crews on flights to the moon and back.

They also verified that a pen equipped with a pressurized ink cartridge was suited for writing in microgravity.

"Fifty years ago, I flew with the first flown Space Pen on Apollo 7. I relied on it then, and it's still the only pen I rely on here on Earth," states Cunningham as reproduced on a small plaque that accompanies a new commemorative edition of the original pen.

Fisher Space Pen Company has launched the "Apollo 7 50th Anniversary Gold Titanium Astronaut Space Pen" in celebration of the first Apollo crewed mission and the first use of its writing instrument in space. (...)
http://www.collectspace.com//news/news-101818a-apollo7-50th-fisher-space-pen.html

EDIT 03.01.23
http://www.astronautix.com/a/apollo7.html
https://twitter.com/airandspace/status/1451582891788472322
https://twitter.com/ukintx/status/1155543070634577920
« Ostatnia zmiana: Styczeń 03, 2023, 21:53 wysłana przez Orionid »

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Odp: 50 lat - APOLLO 7
« Odpowiedź #7 dnia: Październik 22, 2018, 22:10 »