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Offline Orionid

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Apollo 16
« dnia: Sierpień 23, 2017, 01:38 »
Badania "Rusty Rock" - skały dostarczonej przez załogę Apollo 16 zdają się wskazywać , że Księżyc jest wewnętrznie suchy, co wskazuje na powstanie Srebrnego Globu w warunkach wysokiej temperatury podczas  kosmicznej katastrofy.
Pordzewiała skała okazała się być bardzo sucha wewnątrz.


Close-up photo of metallic salts or 'rust' on surface of 66095 -- the lunar 'Rusty Rock'. Note the appearance of a crust under the colored salts. 10 x magnification. NASA S72-48424. Credit: NASA

(...)  The question of the moon's moistness matters because the amount of water and other volatile (easily evaporated) elements and compounds provide clues to the moon's history and how it was formed.

"It's been a big question whether the moon is wet or dry. It might seem like a trivial thing, but this is actually quite important," said James Day, a geochemist at Scripps Institution of Oceanography and the leading author of the study funded by the NASA Emerging Worlds program. "If the moon is dry—like we've thought for about the last 45 years, since the Apollo missions—it would be consistent with the formation of the moon in some sort of cataclysmic impact event that formed it," Day said.

The results in this paper suggest that when the moon formed it was "very, very, hot," Day said. "Essentially an ocean of magma."

Day and his coauthors believe it would have been so hot that any water, or other compounds and elements that are volatile under conditions on the moon, such as zinc, would have evaporated very early in the moon's history.

They arrived at this conclusion after analyzing fragments of the "Rusty Rock," a rock collected from the moon's surface during the Apollo 16 mission in 1972. (...)

"It's the only rock from the moon that came back with what appeared to be rust on its outer surfaces," Day said.

The implications of the Rusty Rock have mystified scientists for a long time—water is one of the essential ingredients of rust, so where could that water have come from? Some speculated the water could have been terrestrial, but further tests showed the rock and the rust were lunar in origin.

The new chemical analyses Day and his team applied to the Rusty Rock revealed that the rock's composition is consistent with it coming from a very dry interior.

"It's a bit of a paradox," Day said. "It's a wet rock that comes from a very dry interior part of the moon."
Day found that the rust on the Rusty Rock is full of lighter isotopes of zinc, meaning it's probably the product of the zinc condensing on the moon's surface after evaporating during the sweltering period of the moon's formation.

https://phys.org/news/2017-08-analysis-rusty-lunar-moon-interior.html#ms
http://www.pulskosmosu.pl/2017/08/21/analiza-zardzewialej-skaly-ksiezycowej-wskazuje-na-suche-wnetrze-ksiezyca/
o misji Apollo 16 w wątku: https://www.forum.kosmonauta.net/index.php?topic=800.msg104336#msg104336
« Ostatnia zmiana: Kwiecień 16, 2022, 21:14 wysłana przez Orionid »

Offline Orionid

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Odp: Apollo 16
« Odpowiedź #1 dnia: Październik 26, 2017, 12:16 »
« Ostatnia zmiana: Czerwiec 26, 2021, 23:45 wysłana przez Orionid »

Offline juram

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Odp: Apollo 16
« Odpowiedź #2 dnia: Październik 03, 2019, 23:12 »
Pilot modułu LM wyprawy APOLLO 16 - Charles Duke, dziś obchodzi 84 urodziny. Dobrego zdrowia! ;D

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Odp: Apollo 16
« Odpowiedź #3 dnia: Maj 04, 2020, 16:40 »
Command Module, Apollo 16


Display Status: This object is not on display at the National Air and Space Museum. It is either on loan or in storage.

Apollo 16, the fifth manned lunar landing mission, was launched on April 16, 1972, atop a Saturn V launch vehicle. The crew consisted of Commander John Young, Command Module Pilot Tom Mattingly, and Lunar Module Pilot Charles Duke. "Casper" (Command and Service Modules 112) included a Service Module carrying numerous experiments and a subsatellite which was placed in lunar orbit. Young and Duke landed the Lunar Module "Orion" in the Descartes Highlands region of the moon. With the aid of the Lunar Rover, Young and Duke collected 96 kgs of samples of lunar material, which they returned to "Casper". On the return flight, Mattingly performed an EVA (extra vehicular activity) to retrieve film from a package in the Service Module. The mission ended successfully with a splashdown of the Command Module in the Pacific Ocean on April 27, 11 days after launch.

NASA transferred the Apollo 16 Command Module to the Smithsonian Institution in 1974.

https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/command-module-apollo-16/nasm_A19740499000
« Ostatnia zmiana: Październik 03, 2023, 19:17 wysłana przez Orionid »

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« Odpowiedź #3 dnia: Maj 04, 2020, 16:40 »

Offline Orionid

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Odp: Apollo 16
« Odpowiedź #4 dnia: Maj 04, 2020, 16:41 »
Mały fotoreportaż z misji.

A Look Back at Apollo 16
ALAN TAYLOR JANUARY 22, 2015 35 PHOTOS


16. The LRV gets a speed workout by astronaut John W. Young in the "Grand Prix" run during the first Apollo 16 extravehicular activity (EVA) at the Descartes landing site on April 21, 1972 . #NASA


19. A plastic-encased photo of Astronaut Charles Duke's family, placed on on lunar surface by Duke. Written on the other side is the message "This is the family of Astronaut Duke from Planet Earth. Landed on the Moon, April 1972." # NASA


20. Charles Duke at Station 4 on Stone Mountain #NASA


27. Young working at landing site on April 21, 1972 # NASA
https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2015/01/a-look-back-at-apollo-16/384744/

Apollo 16 Image Library


S71-51616 John Young and Charlie Duke drive north during geology training at the Rio Grande Gorge. Note that the Grover is equipped with fenders, which it didn't have in the prior pictures. 9-10 September 1971. Scan by J.L. Pickering.
https://www.hq.nasa.gov/alsj/a16/images16.html#Support

Wątek poświęcony dowódcy misji  https://www.forum.kosmonauta.net/index.php?topic=783.msg113734#msg113734
« Ostatnia zmiana: Kwiecień 16, 2022, 18:37 wysłana przez Orionid »

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Odp: Apollo 16
« Odpowiedź #5 dnia: Maj 04, 2020, 18:04 »
Do dziś nie mogę zrozumieć, dlaczego zaplanowano marszrutę LRV na łysy i w sumie nieciekawy pagórek "STONE MOUNTAIN"? Young i Duke powinni byli jechać bardziej na południowy zachód w pobliże bardzo świeżego, jasnego krateru "SOUTH RAY", którego zbocza pokryte są lśniącym w Słońcu białym materiałem wyrzutowym (szkliwo?).
« Ostatnia zmiana: Wrzesień 17, 2020, 11:41 wysłana przez juram »

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Odp: Apollo 16
« Odpowiedź #6 dnia: Maj 04, 2020, 18:42 »
Do dziś nie mogę zrozumieć, dlaczego zaplanowano marszrutę LRV na łysy i w sumie nieciekawy pagórek "STONE MOUNTAIN"? Young i Duke powinni byli jechać bardziej na południowy zachód w pobliże bardzo świeżego, jasnego krateru "SOUTH RAY", którego zbocza pokryte są lśniącym w Słońcu białym materiałem wyrzutowym (szkliwo?).

Mogło to nie być takie łatwe

Cytuj
The astronauts observed that the ejecta of South Ray was very bouldery, and reported that it would have been difficult or impossible to drive there on their rover.

Offline JSz

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Odp: Apollo 16
« Odpowiedź #7 dnia: Czerwiec 17, 2020, 21:33 »
Chyba nie było, bo to dość nowe: zrekonstruowany filmik z przejażdżki LRV. Ze stabilizacją obrazu i w 4K. Warto obejrzeć, oczywiście w pełnej rozdzielczości:




Offline Orionid

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Odp: Apollo 16
« Odpowiedź #8 dnia: Lipiec 20, 2020, 07:17 »
Nagranie z Apollo 16 w rozdzielczości 4k
BY KRZYSZTOF KANAWKA ON 19 LIPCA 2020

https://kosmonauta.net/2020/07/nagranie-z-apollo-16-w-rozdzielczosci-4k/

Offline JSz

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Odp: Apollo 16
« Odpowiedź #9 dnia: Lipiec 21, 2020, 16:03 »
Kolejne odrestaurowane filmiki z Księżyca. Tym razem nie tylko z Apollo 16, ale także Apollo 11 i 15. Warto obejrzeć: https://www.komputerswiat.pl/aktualnosci/nauka-i-technika/nagrania-z-ladowania-na-ksiezycu-odnowione-przez-ai-efekt-robi-niezwykle-wrazenie/m7lljq8

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Odp: Apollo 16
« Odpowiedź #10 dnia: Czerwiec 26, 2021, 23:55 »
50 lat temu 17 czerwca 1971 roku wybrano miejsce lądowania , które znalazło się w pobliżu krateru Descartesa.

50 Years Ago: NASA Selects Landing Site for Apollo 16
Jun 17, 2021


1) The location of the Apollo 16 landing site in the central lunar highlands, with the earlier Apollo sites shown for reference.
2) Apollo 16 astronauts John W. Young, left, and Charles M. Duke photographing the Rio Grande Gorge near Taos, New Mexico, during a geology field trip.

On June 17, 1971, NASA announced the selection of the Descartes highlands region as the landing site for Apollo 16 – the second to last Moon landing mission, then scheduled for March 1972. The area lies in the central lunar highlands and because of its presumed volcanic origin, geologists expected to learn new information about the Moon’s history from the returned samples. (...)

Beginning in September 1970, six months prior to their formal assignment to the mission, the Apollo 16 astronauts began monthly field trips to gain firsthand experience with a variety of geologic formations. Based on the assumption that the Descartes region had volcanic origins, geology training exercises focused on terrestrial sites believed to have similar pasts. In June 1971, the prime and backup commanders and lunar module pilots Young, Duke, Haise, and Mitchell traveled to the Mono Craters area – a volcanic chain consisting of craters, domes, and lava flows in eastern California – to assess the terrain. (...)

During the Sep. 8-10, 1971 geology field trip to the Rio Grande Gorge near Taos, New Mexico, the astronauts for the first time used the GROVER, the Geologic Rover built by the U.S. Geologic Survey as a ground-based version of the Lunar Roving Vehicle that the astronauts drove on the Moon. During this training session, the astronauts simulated an actual lunar surface traverse, using photography and sampling techniques similar to those conducted during an actual Moonwalk. (...)
https://www.nasa.gov/feature/50-years-ago-nasa-selects-landing-site-for-apollo-16
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Odp: Apollo 16
« Odpowiedź #11 dnia: Wrzesień 02, 2021, 01:25 »
Warto zobaczyć okoliczności pozyskania przez Duke'a 11,7 kilogramowej próbki 61016 (na Księżycu prawie 2 kg),  nazwanego później  "Big Muley ", widoczne w dokumencie od 1h 28 min.

Apollo 16 Remastered *Season 6 Premiere* [4K]
365 387 wyświetleń 15 sty 2021 Homemade Documentaries

Offline station

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Odp: Apollo 16
« Odpowiedź #12 dnia: Wrzesień 02, 2021, 08:20 »
Rewelacyjny dokument, szczerze polecam.
Rosyjski program kosmiczny to dziś strzelanie rakietami w martwe obiekty na orbicie.

Offline Orionid

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Odp: Apollo 16
« Odpowiedź #13 dnia: Wrzesień 19, 2021, 08:30 »
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A piece of the #Moon has been escorted by @astro_matthias to Europe Explore how & why a rock sample from
@NASA's #Apollo16 will be displayed in the @esa European Astronaut Centre foyer
https://blogs.esa.int/exploration/home-of-esa-astronauts-to-host-piece-of-the-moon/ #ForwardToTheMoon
https://twitter.com/esaspaceflight/status/1438124403263512580

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Odp: Apollo 16
« Odpowiedź #14 dnia: Grudzień 27, 2021, 09:30 »
50 lat temu trwały przygotowania do przedostatniej załogowej misji księżycowej

50 Years Ago: Preparations Continue for Apollo 16 and 17, Skylab
Oct 18, 2021


Left: Apollo 16 astronauts Charles M. Duke, left, and John W. Young examine a rock outcrop during the November 1971 geology field trip to the Coso Hills in California.
Right: Duke, left, and Young ride in the GROVER, a ground-based trainer for the Lunar Roving Vehicle, in the Coso Hills.


(...) A significant portion of the astronauts’ training involved the three planned lunar surface traverses and the deployment and use of the LRV. During these exercises, the astronauts used a ground-based training version of the LRV and mockups of the experiments and other hardware. The Boeing Company delivered Rover 2, the flight LRV for Apollo 16, to KSC’s MSOB on Sept. 1, where engineers completed preflight checks. The astronauts, wearing their spacesuits, conducted fit checks with Rover 2 on Nov. 2-3. Ground crews installed it on the LM two weeks later. (...)
https://www.nasa.gov/feature/50-years-ago-preparations-continue-for-apollo-16-and-17-skylab

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« Odpowiedź #14 dnia: Grudzień 27, 2021, 09:30 »