Propozycje misji na Wenus

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Zakładam ten wątek, gdyż umieszczane będą tutaj propozycje misji na Wenus, jeszcze nie zatwierdzone ani nie czekające na zatwierdzenia. Raczej nie pasowałyby one do misji planowanych, dla których jest już założony wątek.

Robert Zubrin wystosował swoją propozycję na misję bezzałogową, która mogłaby nie tylko szukać życia w chmurach Wenus ale nawet docierać do jej powierzchni w celu wykonywania badań!

A solar Montgolfier balloon is just a black balloon with an open bottom and a vent valve on top. It can be deployed from the air (or from an entry capsule) like a parachute, instantly inflating with air upon release. Absorbing sunlight, the balloon’s black skin then heats up the air inside, providing float gas. Then, if you want to go up, keep the vent valve closed; if you want to go down, open the valve a bit and vent some hot gas out the top, replacing it with cold air from the bottom. These systems are quite controllable. In fact, in 2004 my own company, Pioneer Astronautics, demonstrated the balloons’ ability to be used as soft landers, employing one to set down a payload on the Colorado prairie with an impact velocity of just 5 miles per hour — and then take off again. Similar maneuvers could be done in Venus’s atmosphere.

To explore Venus using such technology, we might send an orbiter carrying several balloon probes, each in its own entry capsule. The orbiter could drop these capsules off, one by one or all at once, and serve as their data-relay satellite. Entering the atmosphere, the capsule would use its heat shield to absorb the reentry heating and then employ atmospheric drag to slow down to subsonic speeds. The back shell of the capsule would then be blown off, and the solar balloon mortared out to be inflated like a parachute, pulling the gondola out of the capsule, which would then drop away. With its black skin heated by solar radiation, the balloon would rapidly heat up the air inside and begin to float, carrying a gondola equipped with scientific instruments, a set of solar panels, a container of water for thermal control, and a UHF radio system for communication with the orbiter. Then the fun begins.


So let’s say we start floating at 60 km, where the ambient temperature is −10°C. We can use that environment to freeze our water into ice. Then we open our vent valve and drop down into the hot lower regions, taking data as we go, using our ice as coolant. Conceivably we could make it all the way to the surface — Soviet landers survived there for as long as 20 minutes — for some quick sampling and then take off to return to safety in the colder air aloft. In the course of sounding the atmosphere in this way, we would get a map of wind speeds and direction at various altitudes. Knowing this, we could navigate the planet by choosing our altitude to provide the breeze that would take us where we wish. Adopting such a strategy, we could execute repeated ascents and descents, exploring the atmosphere at all altitudes and latitudes, searching for underground caverns with ground-penetrating radar, imaging the ground from low altitude, and possibly even sampling the surface at numerous locations separated by continental distances. If Venus has life, we’d have a fair shot at finding it.

https://www.nationalreview.com/2020/09/might-we-find-life-on-venus/?fbclid=IwAR17T_GfyTy5K1qfQ3nW_bG8WNXjYmZ4u6HBY-WIQ0kEx7OgegDx0Yd5zJw

Uważam, iż jest to genialny pomysł na poszukiwanie życia na Wenus i w ogóle na eksplorację tej planety. Tylko ile taka misja mogłaby kosztować? Czy dałoby się ją sfinansować w ramach programu Discovery albo New Frontiers? Osobiście uważam, iż tego typu misja powinna zyskać priorytet w NASA czy w ESA (lub w Chinach    ) i jak najszybciej jak się da zostać zrealizowana. Tylko czy zostanie na to pieniędzy w NASA? W tej dekadzie agencja ma przeprowadzić kilka, drogich bezzałogowych misji, których koszty mogą sięgnąć ładnych miliardów dolarów: Mars Sample Return, Europa Clipper, Titan Dragonfly. Czy da radę zrealizować jeszcze wyorawę balonów na Wenus?

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Inna, mniej ambitna, lecz też ciekawa propozycja balonowej misji na Wenus, zwana Calypso Venus Scout. Tutaj balon latałby nad chmurami i nieco poniżej nich, żeby móc obserwować powierzchnię planety. Zastanawiam się tylko, że jeśli nawet poniżej chmur atmosfera jest przezroczysta to jak małe detale da się maksymalnie zobaczyć na powierzchni? Przecież tam jest gorąco a gorące powietrze drga i faluje, więc obraz może być w duzej rozdzielczości zamazany i lądowników Wener, o ile dotrwały one do naszych czasów, chyba nie zobaczymy.

Upon Calypso's arrival at Venus, a massive balloon would deploy in the atmosphere, right at the top of the cloud layers, keeping steady at an altitude of about 30 miles (50 km). At that height, the temperature and pressure don't require any ingenious new technology and solar panels can provide ample power to the probe.

From that balloon, a descent module would trail down, held to the balloon by a tether 10-20 miles (15-30 km) long. The descent module would poke beneath the clouds and take some pictures, surveying the terrain as the high-altitude winds blow the balloon around. Then, once the temperatures inside the descent module get too hot to handle, the module would reel back up above the clouds, relaying the data back to Earth while the module cools off for another round.

On its way up and down, the probe would slowly scan the surface of Venus in visible and infrared wavelengths to a potential resolution of just a few inches or centimeters. One of the most powerful aspects of Calypso is that it wouln't be limited to studying just a single landing site, but would be able to survey wide swaths of the Venusian landscape.

[gszczepa]

Trochę bardziej dalekosiężne pomysły, do poczytania:
http://toughsf.blogspot.com/2016/10/how-to-live-on-other-planets-venus.html

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Trochę bardziej dalekosiężne pomysły, do poczytania:
http://toughsf.blogspot.com/2016/10/how-to-live-on-other-planets-venus.html

Myślę że dla kolonizacji Wenus warto założyć oddzielny wątek. Choć dużo dyskutowaliśmy o tym 5 lat temu na wątku poświęconym misji HAVOC. Poza tym dziękuję za link do bardzo ciekawego bloga 

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Chińczycy rozważają wysłanie w 2026 roku orbitera Wenus VOCE:

Notably though, VOICE could reach our Earth-sized neighbor before any of these missions, with a proposed launch in June 2026, entering orbit around Venus in December. It would use aerobraking to lower an initially highly elliptical orbit to a circular, 300-kilometer altitude (186-mile altitude) orbit and begin its science observations in April 2027.

But VOICE would aim to do more than get there before many of the new wave of missions. Paul Byrne, an associate professor of Earth and planetary science at Washington University in St. Louis, said the mission could yield valuable insights.

“It looks to me like the mission will provide a major contribution to our study of Venus by acquiring radar data at high resolution for parts of the surface that EnVision won't investigate,” he said. “Together with EnVision, VOICE could then build on the global but somewhat lower resolution data we'll get from VERITAS. That combination of three missions will be potent.”

Furthermore, the polarimetric SAR data from VOICE will help us “understand where and to what extent various parts of the Venus surface are covered by sediments, for example,” Byrne added.

“Neither Magellan, VERITAS, nor EnVision carried or will carry a fully polarimetric radar, so that's an exciting contribution to our toolkit for studying Venus.”

The submillimeter sounder will be able to provide extremely precise measurements of different gas species, Byrne noted, which will also be valuable for gauging any changes in amounts over time. Other aspects of interest that the VOICE could touch on are looking for previously undetected molecules in the atmosphere and looking for evidence of ancient fluvial features.

https://www.planetary.org/articles/voice-chinese-candidate-mission-venus

Mam nadzieję, że Chińczycy wybiorą te misję w ramach swojego programu Strategic Priority Program on Space Science III (SPP-III), lub inaczej zwanym  “New Horizons Program” . Konkurencją dla Voce jest pobranie i przywiezienie na Ziemię próbek asteroidy

ASR proposes visiting the roughly 600-meter wide (1,969-foot wide) near-Earth asteroid 1989 ML and collecting samples from as many as three sites and returning to Earth after a four-year expedition. 1989 ML is determined to be an E-type asteroid, which are characterized by having iron-poor surfaces and thought to have formed deep within the mantle of a differentiated parent body, then blasted apart by a cataclysmic impact.

[Adam.Przybyla]

Na bezrybiu to i .. jednooki jest krolem, gdy wszyscy rczej skupiaja sie na donkiszoterii i atakowaniu wenus, sa jednak plany
nowej misji aby w okolicach 2030 roku pobrac probki z tej niegoscinnej planety. A moze jednak mimo wszytko przyjaznej?;-)
Jak pisze, plany sa dosc wyjatkowe, reszta swiata stara sie skupic albo na tym aby wenus byla niewidoczna albo ich plany
misji dotyczyly lat 40 ... Z powazaniem
                       Adam Przybyla
Zrodla:
http://spaceflighthistory.blogspot.com/2020/08/venus-is-best-place-in-solar-system-to.html
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/nasas-interplanetary-plans-may-be-lurching-toward-disaster/?amp;text=NASA%27s
https://twitter.com/katlinegrey/status/1656597916767727624
https://twitter.com/NavalInstitute/status/1621310952489590785
https://twitter.com/kittenblue0706/status/1661322140816396288