Interesujące aspekty włoskich kolekcji.How to Use the Italian Astronomical Heritage for the Dissemination of Scientific Knowledge in the Societyby Mauro Gargano, Valeria Zanini, and Antonella Gasperini, 4 years ago
In recent years, the National Institute for Astrophysics has realized some cultural initiatives to enhance the Italian astronomical heritage in a wider context. This paper illustrates projects and achievements to transform the history of astronomy into stories of women and men.(...) The development of the cosmic sciences and the contribution to the progress of astronomy, made by Italian astronomers over the centuries, are amply testified by the historical instruments preserved in the astronomical Observatories.
The entire collection of INAF includes a total of over a thousand pieces: quadrants, sextants, telescopes, theodolites, clocks, stopwatches, globes, mathematical and surveying instruments, thermometers, barometers, hygrometers and meteorological instrumentation, ranging from the sixteenth 16th century to the first half of 1900s.
Any museum is formed by collecting observatory equipment, purchased or specially built by skilled mechanics, used in the past by astronomers for their scientific research.
The exception is the Astronomical and Copernican Museum in Rome that has a different story for its establishment. It was founded in 1873, during the celebrations of the 400th anniversary of the birth of Copernicus, thanks to the precious donation made by Artur Wołyński (1844-1893). This collection includes Copernican memorabilia and other legacies of high scientific and cultural value.
In the other Observatories, such as Capodimonte, the original collection has been enlarged and enriched with the acquisition of other precious scientific and artistic objects. Among all the pieces preserved and exhibited in the INAF museums there are: the Arabic astrolabe (1096), manufactured in Spain and one of the oldest astrolabes in the world, the celestial globe (1589) made in German by Roll and Reinhold, the mural quadrant of Ramsden (1776) with which Toaldo measured double stars in the Cygnus constellation, the Ramsden Circle (1787ca.), used by Giuseppe Piazzi to discover Ceres in 1801, the equatorial telescope of Fraunhofer (1814), the largest telescope made in the first two decades of 19th century, the achromatic lens of Amici (1840), employed by Donati to discover the great comet of 1858, the spectroscope of Hofmann (1862), used by Secchi for the first spectroscopic stellar classification, the dome and the telescope of Merz (1863ca.) exploited by Giovanni Virginio Schiaparelli (1835-1910) to realize the first cartography of Mars. (...)
https://baas.aas.org/pub/2022n2i03/release/1
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