61 lat temu, 26.04.1962 o 18:00 z wyrzutni LC-17A na Cape Canaveral została wystrzelona RN Thor Delta, która wyniosła na orbitę o parametrach: hp=398 km, ha=1214 km, i=53,83°, t=100.86 min. naukowego satelitą Ariel 1 (UK 1).
Satelita badał jonosferę oraz związki między aktywnością Słońca a stanem jonosfery.
Ariel 1 miał kształt cylindra o masie 62-kg, średnicy 58 cm i wysokości 56 cm.
Poza awarią słonecznego eksperymentu Lyman-alfa podczas startu, satelita działał nominalnie do 09.07.1962, kiedy to padł ofiarą próby jądrowej Starfish Prime.
W listopadzie 1963 zaprzestano transmisji danych.
Satelita uległ deorbitacji 24.05.1976.
Ariel 1 był owocem współpracy amerykańsko-brytyjskiej, a także pierwszym w historii satelitą, który powstał przy współpracy międzynarodowej.
1962 April 26 - . 18:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC17A. LV Family: Thor. Launch Vehicle: Thor Delta.
Ariel 1 - . Payload: UK 1 (S-51). Mass: 60 kg (132 lb). Nation: UK. Agency: NASA. Class: Earth. Type: Magnetosphere satellite. Spacecraft: Ariel. Decay Date: 1976-03-31 . USAF Sat Cat: 285 . COSPAR: 1962-Omicron-1. Apogee: 1,203 km (747 mi). Perigee: 398 km (247 mi). Inclination: 53.80 deg. Period: 100.80 min. Ionospheric studies; returned X-ray, ionospheric, cosmic ray data. Spacecraft engaged in research and exploration of the upper atmosphere or outer space (US Cat B). .
http://www.astronautix.com/a/april26.htmlAriel 1 was launched from Cape Canaveral on a Thor-Delta at 18:00 UT on 26 April 1962. It was put into a 389 x 1214 km altitude orbit with an inclination of 53.85 degrees and a period of 100.86 minutes. It was spin stabilized at 12 to 36 rpm. The Lyman-Alpha solar experiment failed at launch. (...)
Otherwise operation was nominal until the Starfish Prime high altitude (400 km) nuclear test explosion on 9 July 1962. Ariel 1 was the closest satellite to the blast, and its Geiger counter was saturated within about 20 seconds of detonation, and the Cerenkov counter 7 minutes after that. Although Ariel 1 was able to send back data, the energetic particles generated by the blast caused severe damage to the solar cells and command system electronics, resulting in power loss and intermittent electronic failures. (...)
Starfish Prime was an American high-altitude nuclear test that took place on 9 July 1962. Launch took place from Johnston atoll in the Pacific Ocean (about 1330 km southwest of Honolulu) at 8:46:28 UT on 9 July 1962 (10:46:28 pm, 8 July local time) on a Thor rocket carrying a W49 thermonuclear warhead. Detonation of the warhead occurred at 09:00:09 UT on 9 July (11:00:09 pm local time, 8 July) at an altitude of 400 km. Total yield was 1.4 megatons. The explosion, occurring at a geomagnetic latitude 10.5 degrees, generated an electromagnetic pulse and generated large amounts of charged particles. These had the effect of damaging many operating satellites, both at the time of the blast and later, as the energetic particles remained trapped in the Earth's magnetic field, forming an artificial radiation belt that persisted for many days after the explosion. These damaged satellites include TRAAC, Transit-4B, Ariel 1, Cosmos 5, Telstar 1, Explorers 14 and 15, and possibly Injun 1, OSO-1, Alouette 1, and ANNA-1B.
https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1962-015Ahttps://www.konflikty.pl/historia/czasy-najnowsze/starfish-prime-bomba-wodorowa-w-kosmosie/https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/satellite-ariel-i-reconstructed-satellite/nasm_A19751410000https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ariel_1https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ariel_1Ariel 1 (UK 1) (62 kg)
https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/ariel-1.htmhttps://x.com/ESA_History/status/1651226624677888000https://twitter.com/ron_eisele/status/178353282054084624926 April 1962. 18.00.00 UTC/GMT. Launch of Ariel 1, (also known as UK-1 and S-55) the first British satellite, to study solar radiation and changes in the Earth's ionosphere. Launched on a Thor-Delta rocket from Launch Complex 17A at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station.
Wątek: Kalendarium historycznych wydarzeń (Przeczytany 329095 razy)