Voyager 1 i 2

[pogrzex]

A kiedy dokładnie V2 "wyprzedzi" Pioneera 10?

[Orionid]

Wg moich szybkich i uproszczonych obliczeń Voyager 2 "dogania"  Pioneera 10 rocznie o ok. 0,715 AU, więc żeby  zrównać ich odległości od Słońca (różnica 3,977 AU) to potrzeba na to ok. 5,56 lat.

[Orionid]

40 lat temu 5 września 1977 wystartował Voyager 1 z wyrzutni Cape Canaveral LC-41.
Niewiele brakowało (post nieco wcześniejszy) , aby misja się nie udała.

(Tak na marginesie: dokładnie 40 lat później inny start został wstrzymany tuż po zapłonie głównego silnika: http://www.forum.kosmonauta.net/index.php?topic=2897.msg108752#msg108752 )

Dzisiaj Voyager 1 jest najdalszym obiektem wysłanym przez człowieka w kosmos.
 
Obecnie sonda znajduje się 139,641  AU od Słońca
Odległość od Ziemi : 139,615 AU
Sygnał z sondy na Ziemię biegnie 19,35 h
Prędkość względem Słońca : 16,988 km/s (3,584 AU/rok) (największa prędkość osiągnięta przez sondę).

As of Friday (Sept. 1), Voyager 1 was a whopping 12.97 billion miles (20.87 billion kilometers) from Earth — more than 139 times the distance from our planet to the sun. Voyager 2 was about 10.67 billion miles (17.17 billion km) from its home planet.

https://www.space.com/38041-voyager-1-farthest-spacecraft-40-years-in-space.html

NASA's Voyager 1 spacecraft launched atop its Titan/Centaur-6 launch vehicle from the Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex in Florida on September 5, 1977, at 8:56 a.m. local time.

The twin Voyager 1 and 2 spacecraft are still operating and traveling where no spacecraft – or anything touched by humanity – has gone before. As we celebrate the 40th anniversary of the Voyager 1 launch, we reflect on the vision that inspired the mission, its greatest achievements, and its enduring legacy.

https://www.nasa.gov/image-feature/voyager-1-launches-aboard-titan-iiicentaur

[Orionid]

NASA w szczególny sposób uczciła 40-lecie misji Voyagerów


'Star Trek' actor Shatner sends message to Voyager
by Staff Writers Miami (AFP) Sept 5, 2017

(...)Star Trek actor William Shatner, who played Captain Kirk, read the message from mission control in Houston, before it was beamed out to Voyager 1, according to a broadcast on NASA television.

"We offer friendship across the stars. You are not alone," said the message, written by Oliver Jenkins, whose Twitter handle is @Asperger_Nerd. (...)
http://www.spacedaily.com/reports/Star_Trek_actor_Shatner_sends_message_to_Voyager_999.html

[ekoplaneta]

Przypomniało mi się że gdzieś mam arta o Voyagerach z początku lat 90 tych. Jakby się udało kiedyś zeskanować to wrzucę na ten wątek 

[Slavin]

Konferencja w JPL z okazji 40 rocznicy startu Voyagerów, odbyła się 24 sierpnia jednak upubliczniono ją na YouTubowym kanale JPL dopiero wczoraj. 

[olasek]

Po 37 latach silniczki Voyagera 1 zostaly odpalone 28.XI i wszystko przebieglo zgodnie z planem:

https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?feature=7014 

[Orionid]

Torn Apart at Birth: 70 Years Since the Discovery of Miranda, Mysterious Moon Viewed by Voyager 2
By Ben Evans February 25th, 2018

Yet Kuiper was not looking for new moons that evening. Rather, he sought to gather data on the relative magnitudes of Uranus’ four known satellites, Titania, Oberon, Ariel and Umbriel, the most recent of which had been discovered almost a century earlier. His four-minute exposure of the giant planet on 16 February 1948 was tantalizing, but it would several weeks before it could be confirmed through subsequent observations. On the night of 1 March, the control plates showed it to be a satellite and, later that same month, eight more images revealed its orbital parameters, suggesting that it occupied a roughly circular path around Uranus, in-plane with the other moons, and requiring about 33 hours and 56 minutes to complete a single revolution.

http://www.americaspace.com/2018/02/25/torn-apart-at-birth-70-years-since-the-discovery-of-miranda-mysterious-moon-viewed-by-voyager-2/

[ekoplaneta]

24. 01 1986 r. sonda kosmiczna Voyager 2  przeleciała w odległości 81 500 km od Urana....

[Orionid]

5 marca 1979 roku o 12:05:26 UTC Voyager 1 zbliżył się do Jowisza na najmniejszą odległość, wynoszącą 348 890 km od centrum planety, około 280 000 km od szczytów chmur. 5 marca sonda przeleciała także kolejno obok Amaltei (minimalna odległość 420 200 km), Io (20 570 km) i Europy (733 760 km). 6 marca Voyager 1 zbliżył się do Ganimedesa na odległość 114 710 km i do księżyca Kallisto na odległość 126 400 km.
https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voyager_1
https://pds-rings.seti.org/voyager/mission/index.html

Jupiter Approach

Voyager 1's closest approach to Jupiter occurred March 5, 1979. Voyager 2's closest approach was July 9, 1979.

Photography of Jupiter began in January 1979, when images of the brightly banded planet already exceeded the best taken from Earth. Voyager 1 completed its Jupiter encounter in early April, after taking almost 19,000 pictures and many other scientific measurements. Voyager 2 picked up the baton in late April and its encounter continued into August. They took more than 33,000 pictures of Jupiter and its five major satellites. (...)
https://voyager.jpl.nasa.gov/mission/science/jupiter/

Early Voyager 1 Images of Jupiter
SEPTEMBER 26, 1996

These Jupiter photographs are part of a set taken by Voyager 1 on December 10 and 11, 1978 from a distance of 83 million km (52 million miles) or more than half the distance from the Earth to the sun. At this range, Voyager 1 is able to record more detail on the giant planet than the very best ground-based telescopes. The highest resolution ever obtained on the Jovian disk was recorded by Pioneer 11 four years ago. Voyager, however, has longer focal-length optics than Pioneer, and while nearly three months from encounter (~ March 1979) was able to achieve higher resolution than that obtained by Pioneer only 24 hours from its encounter on 3 December 1974. (...)
https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/spaceimages/details.php?id=PIA00454

Voyager 1 Image of Jupiter
July 13, 2015


First close-up view of Jupiter from Voyager 1.

Voyager 1's closest approach to Jupiter occurred March 5, 1979.
https://www.nasa.gov/image-feature/voyager-1-image-of-jupiter

EDIT 05.03.23

Take a look at this timelapse showing Voyager 1’s view of Jupiter.
#OTD in 1979, Voyager 1 made its closest approach to Jupiter, flying within 172,000 miles of its cloud tops. This timelapse is from earlier that year.

https://twitter.com/airandspace/status/1632478588569280514

Voyager 1 Jupiter Flyby 1979 - Cinematic Animation, Satellites, Io, Europa, Ganymede, Callisto


EDIT 09.03.23

5 marca 1979 roku sonda Voyager 1 przeleciała obok księżyca Jowisza Io i znalazła się w odległości 20 570 km. Trzy dni później, 8 marca 1979 r., sonda wykonała więcej zdjęć księżyców Jowisza, aby wspomóc nawigację optyczną.

W centrum kontrolnym siedziała również Linda Morabito, która była odpowiedzialna za obliczanie efemeryd Voyagera 1. Zauważyła mglistą chmurę na jednym ze zdjęć Io. Na początku myślała, że ​​to inny księżyc niż Io, ale według obliczeń nie było żadnego. Więc połączyła to bezpośrednio z księżycem Io

W ten sposób przyniosło to pierwszy dowód obecnej aktywności wulkanicznej na ciele kosmicznym innym niż nasza Ziemia. Jej odkrycie zostało ogłoszone opinii publicznej 12 marca 1979 roku. W czerwcu opublikowała w czasopiśmie Science artykuł „Discovery of Current Active Extraterrestrial Volcanism”.

https://twitter.com/Kosmo_Michal/status/1633390078239047680

[Orionid]

40 Years Ago: Voyager 1 Explores Jupiter
March 5, 2019

Today, Voyager 1 is the most distant spacecraft from Earth, more than 13 billion miles away. Forty years ago, fairly close to the beginning of its incredible journey through and out of our solar system, it was making its closest approach to Jupiter. Although it was not the first to explore the giant planet, Pioneer 10 and 11 completed earlier flybys in 1973 and 1974, respectively, Voyager carried sophisticated instruments to conduct more in-depth investigations. Managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, the Voyagers were a pair of spacecraft launched in 1977 to explore the outer planets. Initially targeted only to visit Jupiter and Saturn, Voyager 2 went on to investigate Uranus and Neptune as well, taking advantage of a rare planetary alignment that occurs once every 175 years to use the gravity of one planet to redirect it to the next.


Left: Launch of Voyager 1. Right:Model of the Voyager spacecraft


The first single-frame image of the Earth-Moon system, taken by Voyager 1.

The suite of 11 instruments included: an imaging science system consisting of narrow-angle and wide-angle cameras to photograph the planet and its satellites; a radio science system to determine the planet’s physical properties; an infrared interferometer spectrometer to investigate local and global energy balance and atmospheric composition; an ultraviolet spectrometer to measure atmospheric properties; a magnetometer to analyze the planet’s magnetic field and interaction with the solar wind; a plasma spectrometer to investigate microscopic properties of plasma ions; a low energy charged particle device to measure fluxes and distributions of ions; a cosmic ray detection system to determine the origin and behavior of cosmic radiation; a planetary radio astronomy investigation to study radio emissions from Jupiter; a photopolarimeter to measure the planet’s surface composition; and a plasma wave system to study the planet’s magnetosphere.


 Left: Schematic of the Voyager spacecraft, illustrating the science experiments. Right: Trajectory of Voyager 1 through the Jovian system.

Two weeks after its launch from Florida on Sep. 5, 1977, Voyager 1 turned its cameras back toward its home planet and took the first single-frame image of the Earth-Moon system, providing a taste of future discoveries at the outer planets. It successfully crossed the asteroid belt between Dec. 10, 1977, and Sep. 8, 1978. The spacecraft began its encounter phase with the Jovian system on Jan. 6, 1979, sending back its first images and taking the first science measurements. On Mar. 5, still inbound toward the planet, it flew at 262,000 miles of Jupiter’s small inner moon Amalthea, taking the first close-up photograph of that satellite revealing it to be oblong in shape and reddish in color. About five hours later, Voyager 1 made its closest approach to Jupiter, flying within 174,000 miles of the planet’s cloud tops. On the outbound leg of its encounter, it flew by and imaged the large satellites Io (closest approach of 12,800 miles), Europa (456,000 miles), Ganymede (71,300 miles), and Callisto (78,600 miles), all discovered by Italian astronomer Galileo in 1610 using his newly invented telescope. The Voyager images revealed each satellite to have a unique appearance, the most remarkable discovery being an active volcano on Io. Voyager 1 also discovered two previously unknown moons orbiting Jupiter, later named Thebe and Metis.  Looking back at Jupiter as it was backlit by the Sun, Voyager 1 discovered that the planet is surrounded by a thin ring. Observations of Jupiter concluded on Apr. 13.


Left: Voyager 1 image of Jupiter and its Great Red Spot, with Io (at left) and Europa transiting in front of the planet.
Right: Composite image of Jupiter’s four large Galilean satellites, shown to scale (clockwise from top left) Io, Europa,
Callisto, and Ganymede.

After its successful exploration of the Jovian system, Voyager 1 sailed on toward Saturn. During its encounter in November 1980, the spacecraft returned a wealth of information about the planet, its spectacular rings and its satellites especially Titan, known to have a dense atmosphere. Saturn’s gravity imparted enough acceleration on Voyager 1 that it achieved escape velocity from the solar system.  More than 41 years after its launch, several of the spacecraft’s instruments are still returning useful data about conditions on the very edges of the solar system and even beyond.  In August 2012, Voyager 1 crossed the heliopause, the boundary between the heliosphere, the bubble-like region of space created by the Sun, and the interstellar medium.  It is expected that Voyager 1 will continue to return data from interstellar space until about 2025. And just in case it may one day be found by an alien intelligence, Voyager 1 and its twin carry gold plated records that contain information about its home planet, including recordings of terrestrial sounds, music and greetings in 55 languages. Instructions on how to play the record are also included.


Left: Voyager 1 took the image of Jupiter backlit by the Sun, and discovered that the planet has a thin ring system.
Right: The gold disc carried by each Voyager.

Source: https://www.nasa.gov/feature/40-years-ago-voyager-1-explores-jupiter/
https://www.nasa.gov/jupiter

[Orionid]

Zaktualizowana opowieść o Voyagerach

[Orionid]

NASA History Office@NASAhistory 10 minut temu
Amazing #OTD pics from space: @NASAJPL engineer Linda Morabito sees something odd on Jupiter's moon Io. Taken for navigation purposes 3 days after @NASAVoyager 1's flyby of Jupiter, this pic revealed the first extra-terrestrial active volcanoes! March 8, 1979.
https://twitter.com/NASAhistory/status/1104079338331344897

[ekoplaneta]

Złapcie się mocno fotela i oglądajcie zdjęcia Voyagerów wykonane Jowiszowi 40 lat temu!!! 

http://www.planetary.org/multimedia/space-images/jupiter/vger-40-jupiter-blog__figure_j.html

[Orionid]

Voyager I i II – zbliżenie do Saturna
BY KRZYSZTOF KANAWKA ON 8 MAJA 2019

Misje sond Voyager 1 i Voyager 2 rozpoczęły się na przełomie sierpnia i września 1977 roku. Sonda Voyager 2 została wysłana jako pierwsza (20 sierpnia 1977), lecz jej trajektoria była nieco “wolniejsza” od sondy Voyager 1 (start 5 września 1977). (...)

Poniższe nagranie prezentuje zestaw zdjęć wykonanych przez sondy Voyager I i II podczas przelotu obok Saturna. Łącznie jest to 29023 zdjęć.



Obserwacje Saturna, jego pierścieni i księżyców przez sondy Voyager 1 i Voyager 2 / Credits – NASA

(...)
https://kosmonauta.net/2019/05/voyager-i-i-ii-zblizenie-do-saturna/