Kosmiczna Europa

[Orionid]

24.09.1973 w Waszyngtonie odbyło się podpisanie protokołu ustaleń MOU (Memorandum of Understanding) pomiędzy Europą (ESRO) a NASA w sprawie współpracy w programie Spacelab.
https://esa.int/Science_Exploration/Human_and_Robotic_Exploration/Space_Shuttle/Europe_s_involvement_Spacelab

Kod: [Zaznacz]

https://twitter.com/ESA_History/status/1705869177951601093

2) 12.11.2008 Republika Czeska została 18. państwem członkowskim ESA.
https://twitter.com/ESA_History/status/1723656889177682071

#OTD 15 years ago: 12 November 2008, #CzechRepublic became ESA's 18th Member State@SpacePortal_CZ
👉https://esa.int/About_Us/Plan_for_European_Cooperating_States/Czech_flag_raised_over_ESA

[Orionid]

24.09.1966 nastąpiło otwarcie bazy Esrange Space Center w Kirunie w Szwecji.
Baza służy m. in. do badań naukowych z użyciem balonów na dużych wysokościach , badania zorzy polarnej , wystrzeliwania rakiet sondujących i śledzenia satelitów.
https://x.com/ESA_History/status/1705892582411383047

OTD 24 September 1966, the #Esrange rocket range 🚀 at #Kiruna in #Sweden 🇸🇪 was inaugurated, #ESRO's launch base for sounding rockets@SSCspace@IRF_Space👉https://esa.int/About_Us/ESA_history/Fifty_years_of_Esrange

https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esrange
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esrange


2) 10.1976 wizyta króla Karola XVI Gustawa w ESTEC (European Space Research and Technology Centre).

Last month Sweden 🇸🇪 celebrated the Golden Jubilee of King Carl XVI Gustaf 👑. And 47 years ago he visited #ESTEC – check out the #ESAarchives #ObjectOfTheMonth to find out more and for a preview of the photos from 1976 that we’ll be opening very soon!
https://historicalarchives.esa.int/

https://twitter.com/ESA_History/status/1709500325927739531

[Orionid]

01.01.1987 Austria została 12. państwem członkowskim ESA
https://www.esa.int/About_Us/ESA_history/History_New_Members_of_ESA_1985
https://x.com/ESA_History/status/1609474517818134529


2) 01.01.1987 Norwegia została 13. państwem członkowskim ESA
https://www.esa.int/About_Us/ESA_history/History_New_Members_of_ESA_1985
https://x.com/ESA_History/status/1609475893524664322


3) 01.01.1995 Finlandia została 14. państwem członkowskim ESA
https://www.esa.int/Newsroom/Press_Releases/Finland_becomes_ESA_s_14th_Member_State
https://x.com/ESA_History/status/1609482185744027649

[Orionid]

2025 sty 07 18:07 Kosmonauta.net
Europejska Agencja Kosmiczna - 50 lat
Europejska Agencja Kosmiczna (ESA) powstała 50 lat temu!
ESA 2025: A fifty-years legacy of building the future

In 1975, 10 European countries came together with a vision to collaborate on key space activities: science and astronomy, launch capabilities and space applications: ESA, the European Space Agency, was born.

https://bsky.app/profile/eurospacehistory.bsky.social/post/3leplc2xshk24


1) W 2025 przypada 50. rocznica utworzenia ESA.
Aby to uczcić, co tydzień przez następne 50 tygodni będziemy publikować obraz kluczowego wydarzenia lub projektu dla każdego z 50 lat historii ESA!

European Space History‪@eurospacehistory.bsky.social‬ JAN 4, 2025
This year, 2025, we're celebrating the 50th anniversary of the creation of #ESA, the European Space Agency. To mark this, every week for the next 50 weeks, we're going to post an image of a key event or project for each of the 50 years of ESA's history! Here comes #50YearsOfESA!

https://bsky.app/profile/eurospacehistory.bsky.social/post/3lewsc7onbk23

1975 – Jest to Konwencja ESA, otwarta do podpisu pod koniec Europejskiej Konferencji Kosmicznej, która odbyła się w Paryżu 30.05.1975, w sprawie ustanowienia Europejskiej Agencji Kosmicznej.

Przyjęty wówczas tekst Konwencji ESA odzwierciedlał szczególną wizję europejskiej współpracy w przestrzeni kosmicznej, która nadal pozostaje aktualna.
Celem tej wizji jest lepsze wykorzystanie zasobów przeznaczanych przez Państwa Członkowskie na kosmos oraz stworzenie wspólnego europejskiego programu kosmicznego. 🔗

#1975 - This is ESA Convention, opened for signature at the end of the European Space Conference, held in Paris on 30 May 1975, for the establishment of a European Space Agency.

The ESA Convention's text adopted at that time reflected a particular vision of European cooperation in space which still remains valid, namely to make better use of resources allocated by Member States to space and to lead to a common European space programme.
https://www.esa.int/About_Us/Law_at_ESA/ESA_Convention

https://bsky.app/profile/eurospacehistory.bsky.social/post/3lewsklsnt223


2) 1976 - Otwarcie nowej siedziby ESA przy rue Mario Nikis w samym sercu 15. dzielnicy Paryża.
Na nową siedzibę wybrano dawny budynek "Eurostore", który został oddany do użytku 01.10.1976

European Space History Jan 08, 2025
#1976 - ESA’s new headquarters opened on rue Mario Nikis in the heart of Paris’s 15th arrondissement. The site selected for the new HQ was the former 'Eurostore' building, and the new building was ready for occupation on 1 October 1976.

https://bsky.app/profile/eurospacehistory.bsky.social/post/3lfay7wabq22e

2018-2023 siedziba ESA została odnowiona.

ESA Headquarters was refurbished between 2018 and 2023. As flexible as it is ultra-modern, ‘ESA HQ Mario Nikis’ is the embodiment of a European organisation at the cutting edge of high technology.
Then:
https://www.esa.int/About_Us/ESA_history/History_ESA_Headquarters_site_1976
And now:
https://www.esa.int/About_Us/Corporate_news/ESA_Headquarters

https://bsky.app/profile/eurospacehistory.bsky.social/post/3lfaybpz3tk2e


3) Archiwa ESA rozpoczynają 50. rocznicę istnienia ESA inspirującymi słowami z Konwencji ESA na temat szklanego przycisku do papieru – i prośbą o wszelkie informacje na temat pochodzenia tego tajemniczego przedmiotu komercyjnego! 🔗

10 JAN 2025 15:03 The #ESAarchives are starting ESA’s 50th year with inspiring words from the ESA Convention on a glass paperweight –  and a request for any information on the provenance of this mystery piece of merchandising!
https://historicalarchives.esa.int/#oom

https://bsky.app/profile/eurospacehistory.bsky.social/post/3lffecb4ca22m


4)

#1977 - Meteosat-1 was the first European meteorological geosynchronous satellite, launched on 23 November 1977. 
This series of satellites was built by ESA and later operated by @eumetsat.bsky.social  from 1986.
https://www.esa.int/Applications/Observing_the_Earth/Meteorological_missions/Meteosat/Meteosat_s_history_in_pictures

Europe's first weather satellite was Meteosat 1, launched in 1977 and followed by six more Meteosats. This series of geostationary satellites was built by ESA and later operated by Eumetsat. 

https://bsky.app/profile/eurospacehistory.bsky.social/post/3lfv3vsd3k22q

[Orionid]

5) Świętowanie europejskich rocznic.

Tue, 21/01/2025 - 08:37
PLUS!
😎 Browse archival/digital material on these anniversaries AND check out the chance to get a FREE copy of the book 'Celebrating Half a Century in Space, recollections of the 2014 anniversary events'!

https://bsky.app/profile/eurospacehistory.bsky.social/post/3lgdatr4cvs2r

#50YearsOfESA🥳 #ESAarchives
 are kicking off their celebrations for the 50 years of @esa.int! Join us for a recap of how European space organisations have celebrated past anniversaries (from 1974 to today).

https://bsky.app/profile/eurospacehistory.bsky.social/post/3lgdaolizr22r

European space anniversaries from the 1970s to fifty years of ESA

With the start of a new year, the ESA Archives is gearing up to commemorate the first fifty years of ESA. It is a lovely irony that with the passing of time, celebrations to mark such events end up becoming historical events themselves. So, to kick off our own celebrations for 2025, we have put together this quick survey of some of the previous events organised for various European space anniversaries! (...)
https://historicalarchives.esa.int/european-space-anniversaries-1970s-fifty-years-esa

[Orionid]

26.03.1980 utworzono  Arianespace.
https://www.forum.kosmonauta.net/index.php?topic=800.msg182758#msg182758

2) 26.01.1978 wystrzelono IUE, pierwszego satelitę astronomicznego UV.
IUE był jednym z najdłużej działających i najbardziej produktywnych satelitów, jakie kiedykolwiek zbudowano
12.05.1978 wystrzelono OTS-2, pierwszego satelity telekomunikacyjnego ESA.
OTS zademonstrował technologie dla nowej generacji satelitów telekomunikacyjnych.

#50YearsOfESA
#1978 - launches of IUE, the first UV astronomy satellite (26 January), and OTS-2, ESA's first telecoms satellite (12 May). IUE was one of the longest-lived and most productive satellites ever built; OTS demonstrated technologies for a new generation of telecoms satellites

For more information on these two projects:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Ultraviolet_Explorer
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbital_Test_Satellite

https://bsky.app/profile/eurospacehistory.bsky.social/post/3lgirhutxec2z
a) IUE before launch at Cape Canaveral
b) ESA's OTS-2 being prepared for antenna alignment testing at Matra Toulouse, France.


3) 24.12.1979 pierwsza Ariane 1 została wystrzelona z europejskiego kosmodromu w Gujanie Francuskiej.
Z tego lotu Ariane przekształciła się w wysoce niezawodną rodzinę rakiet i stała się symbolem współpracy i niezależnego dostępu Europy do przestrzeni kosmicznej.

#50YearsOfESA 4 FEB, 2025
#1979 - On 24 December 1979, the first Ariane 1 was launched from Europe’s Spaceport in French Guiana. From this flight, Ariane evolved into a highly reliable rocket family and became a symbol of cooperation and independent access to space for Europe.
https://www.esa.int/Enabling_Support/Space_Transportation/Ariane/40_years_of_Ariane

https://bsky.app/profile/eurospacehistory.bsky.social/post/3lhehoxmgdc2g
c) The first successful launch of the European launcher Ariane 1, L01, on 24 December 1979 from Kourou, French Guiana.

[Orionid]

1) 27.04.1974-05.05.1974 w Hanowerze  na German Aeronautical and Space Exhibition ESRO po raz pierwszy zaprezentowało laboratorium Spacelab.

There’s a lot going on in the images chosen for #ESAarchives' May #ObjectOfTheMonth! They show an ESRO/ESA stand at a 1974 German air show, but represent much more – the process of transformation and continuity through which ESRO became ESA, 50 years ago this month!
https://historicalarchives.esa.int/#oom
This event was where ESRO presented Spacelab – Europe’s reusable space laboratory - to the international press and public for the first time. Exhibits included two full-scale models built by the teams from ERNO and MBB who were competing for the design and development contract, one of which can be seen on the left.

2) 1974 logo ESA już było upuplicznione.

Hanover 1974: it appears that the @esa.int logo was also in a process of transition at this time. The stand and poster visible in the other images use the same style as the ESRO logo, whereas panels in a display of satellite models adopt the more familiar 'esa' lettering used in ESA's logo today.

3) 1974 stoisko ESRO/ESA na German air show w Hanowerze.

There’s a lot going on in the images chosen for #ESAarchives' May #ObjectOfTheMonth! They show an ESRO/ESA stand at a 1974 German air show, but represent much more – the process of transformation and continuity through which ESRO became ESA, 50 years ago this month!

The 10th German Aeronautical and Space Exhibition, held in Hanover from 27 April to 5 May 1974. The photo captures the stand presented to the public as both ESA (in large lettering) and ESRO (in small letters underneath).

https://bsky.app/profile/eurospacehistory.bsky.social/post/3lp4p6zdzok2u

[Orionid]

48 lat temu, 30.05.1975, została podpisana Konwencja ESA.

Elevating Europe in space for fifty years

https://www.esa.int/About_Us/50_years_of_ESA

European Space Agency @esa Last edited 9:38 PM · May 30, 2025
🎉 #50YearsOfESA: we're 50 today and #ESAarchives organised a special gift for the occasion! With big thanks to
@francediplo_EN, we have for the first time opened a digital copy of the unique and original ESA Convention, along with a copy of the Final Act of the Conference of Plenipotentiaries, in our SHIP database!
🔗 https://historicalarchives.esa.int/marking-50-years-esa-digitised-1975-esa-convention

https://twitter.com/esa/status/1928536572086845829

Toni Tolker-Nielsen: ESA powstała 50 lat temu, by Europa miała dostęp do przestrzeni kosmicznej
30.05.2025

(...) Tolker-Nielsen przypomniał, że ESA powstała z połączenia dwóch organizacji: ELDO (Europejskiej Organizacji Rozwoju Rakiet Nośnych) i ESRO (Europejskiej Organizacji Badań Satelitarnych). Dodał, że symbolicznym przełomem był rok 1979, gdy Europa wystrzeliła pierwszą rakietę Ariane. Na rakietach z tej rodziny europejscy producenci satelitów mogli potem wynosić w przestrzeń kosmiczną swoje urządzenia i dzięki temu - rozwijać sektor kosmiczny.

Zdaniem eksperta z ESA dostęp do przestrzeni kosmicznej - równolegle z rozwojem satelitów telekomunikacyjnych - stał się podstawą czegoś, co można nazwać gospodarką kosmiczną w Europie. "Europa nie zapłaciła dużo za to, co dzisiaj mamy" – ocenił Tolker-Nielsen (...)
https://naukawpolsce.pl/aktualnosci/news%2C108101%2Ctoni-tolker-nielsen-esa-powstala-50-lat-temu-europa-miala-dostep-do

Mission accomplished: on 31 May 2025, Johann Strauss II’s 'The Blue Danube' waltz was transmitted into space. #ICYMI rewatch the concert here 👇 #50YearsOfESA

https://bsky.app/profile/eurospacehistory.bsky.social/post/3lqkrnu3znk26
Waltz Into Space Concert | Vienna

[Orionid]

24.05.1973-03.06.1973 odbył się 30. Le Bourget Paris Air Show.
Stanowisko wystawowe ESRO.

Extra deep dive into #ESAarchives - here's ESA-predecessor ESRO's stand at Le Bourget in 1973! 🤓
@esa.int @cnes.fr @siae.fr #ParisAirshow #SIAE2025

https://bsky.app/profile/eurospacehistory.bsky.social/post/3lrqbvexbok2d

Paris Le Bourget Paris Air Show 1973
https://www.flickr.com/photos/chrisengland/albums/72157683760726136/
https://www.airhistory.net/event/301/Paris-Air-Show-1973

[Orionid]

30.05.1975-03.06.1975 odbył się 31. Le Bourget Paris Air Show.
Stanowisko wystawowe ESA.

European Space History @eurospacehistory.bsky.social‬ 16 June 2025 15:41
Today the 2025 #ParisAirShow opens with @esa.int and @cnes.fr hosting the Paris Space Hub!
Let's see how ESA and @siae.fr looked 50 years ago!
#50YearsOfESA #SalonDuBourget #SIAE2025

ESA stand at the Paris Air Show, Le Bourget, May 1975

Salon du Bourget, Paris, 1975: Roy Gibson and Maurice Levy host the visit of the French President Valery Giscard d'Estaing with the French Minister d'Ornano, to see a mock-up of Spacelab.

Salon du Bourget, Paris, 1975: visit of the French President Valery Giscard d'Estaing and French Minister d'Ornano.

Visitors to the Paris Air Show enjoy a mockup of Spacelab among other exhibits in the ESA stand

https://bsky.app/profile/eurospacehistory.bsky.social/post/3lrq4a7rgas2f
https://historicalarchives.esa.int/opening-images-1975-dawn-era-esa

ESA at Le Bourget 2025 - Day One Highlights
13/06/2025


Le Bourget 2025 - ESA Director General meets with the head of the CNES
https://www.esa.int/About_Us/ESA_at_Le_Bourget_2025/ESA_at_Le_Bourget_2025_-_Day_One_Highlights

https://www.esa.int/Newsroom/Press_Releases/ESA_Media_Invitation_Programme_for_the_2025_Paris_Air_Show_at_Le_Bourget
https://www.reuters.com/business/aerospace-defense/paris-airshow-opens-under-cloud-india-crash-mideast-conflict-2025-06-15/

[Orionid]

Zbiór historycznych zdjęć z 1980.
Wtedy weszła w życie Konwencja ESA, przypieczętowując ostatecznie powstanie ESA.

24 June 2025 16:03
#50YearsOfESA: #ESAarchives are following up their 50th anniversary post last month with an opening of historical photos from 1980 – the year in which the ESA Convention entered into force, stamping the final seal on the creation of
@esa.int.

1) © ESA ECSR - Dutch national prize-giving for ESA's Man and Space exhibition, featuring ESA astronaut Wubbo Ockels

2) ESA flags patch sticker from 1980

3) © ESA ECSR - electromagnetic compatibility chamber at ESA ESTEC, Noordwijk, 1980

https://bsky.app/profile/eurospacehistory.bsky.social/post/3lseb7jwli22f

2)

European Space Agency @esa.int‬ 24 June 2025 16:15
ESA Delivers: discover 50 ways Europe’s space agency changed our world (and the Universe!) during the last five decades 👇
https://www.esa.int/About_Us/ESA_Publications/ESA_50_Years_booklet

https://bsky.app/profile/esa.int/post/3lsebv4jy5c2f

[Orionid]

Kluczowe daty w historii ESA (także okres sprzed powstania ESA został uwzględniony) wg ESA.
(wyszczególnione głównie wydarzenia związane z astronautyką załogową)

Key dates 1960-2026

1983  28 November - Launch of STS-9, the first Spacelab mission with Ulf Merbold (DE), ESA's first astronaut and first non-US citizen to fly on the US Space Shuttle

1989 1 June - ESA Council approves the setting-up of a single European Astronauts Corps and as a result ESA initiates a selection campaign for the second group of European astronaut candidates

1990 1 May - European Astronaut Centre (EAC) established in Cologne, Germany

24 April - Launch of NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope on STS-31 Space Shuttle mission

6 October - Launch of ESA/NASA Ulysses mission to the Sun on STS-41 Space Shuttle mission

1992 15 May - ESA announces second group of astronaut candidates: M. Cheli (IT), J.F. Clervoy (FR), P. Duque (ES), C. Fuglesang (SE), M. Merchez (BE), T. Reiter (DE)

18-20 October - ESA Ministerial Council in Toulouse, France: ministers agree on the funding of Europe's contribution to the ISS

20 October -  Thomas Reiter is the first ESA astronaut to perform a extravehicular activity (EVA, or spacewalk), from the Mir space station

1998 25 March - ESA Council approves establishment of a single European Astronaut Corps by merging the existing national astronaut programmes with ESA's programme

2001 23 April - ESA astronaut Umberto Guidoni (IT) is first European to board the International Space Station (launched 19 April)

21 October - ESA astronaut Claudie Haigneré (FR) is first female European astronaut to fly to International Space Station

2007 4 May - Poland becomes fourth ESA European Cooperating State

23 October - Launch of ESA astronaut Paolo Nespoli (IT) on his Esperia mission, with Node-2 module, to ISS on STS-120

2008 11 February - Columbus installed on ISS

9 March - Launch of first Automated Transfer Vehicle, ATV Jules Verne resupply spacecraft to ISS

28 April - Poland becomes fourth European Cooperating State

2009 20 May - Six new ESA astronauts selected: two Italian, one French, one Dane, one German and one British

11 October - ESA astronaut Frank De Winne becomes the first European to be appointed commander of an ISS Expedition

2010 12 February - European-built Node-3 and Cupola modules installed on ISS

2011 16 February - Launch of ESA's second ATV, ATV Johannes Kepler, to ISS

21 November - ESA’s Council grants observer status to 10 states that are members of the EU but not ESA: Bulgaria, Cyprus, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, the Slovak Republic and Slovenia.

2012 23 March - Launch of ESA's third ATV, ATV Edoardo Amaldi, to ISS

19 November - Poland becomes ESA's 20th Member State

20-21 November - Ministerial Council in Naples, ministers approve new launcher Ariane 6 and adapted Ariane 5 ME, and provision of European Service Module for NASA’s new Orion Multipurpose Crew Vehicle

2013 28 May - ESA astronaut Luca Parmitano (IT) launched to ISS for six-month Volare mission

5 June - Launch of ESA's fourth ATV, ATV Albert Einstein, to ISS

2014 28 May - ESA astronaut Alexander Gerst (IT) launched to ISS on six-month Blue Dot mission

29 July - Launch of ESA's fifth and final ATV mission, ATV Georges Lemaître, to ISS

23 November - ESA astronaut Samantha Cristoforetti (IT) launched to ISS on six-month Futura mission

2015 2 September - ESA astronaut Andreas Morgensen (DK) launched to ISS for 10-day Iriss mission

15 December - ESA astronaut Tim Peake (UK) launched to ISS for six-month Principia mission

2016 17 November - ESA astronaut Thomas Pesquet (FR) launched to ISS for six-month Proxima mission

2017 2 February - New ESA astronaut selected, Matthias Maurer (DE)

28 July - ESA astronaut Paolo Nespoli launched to ISS on six-month VITA mission

14 August - ESA astronauts Samantha Cristoforetti and Matthias Maurer joined 16 Chinese astronauts for sea survival training in Yantai, China

2018 6 June - ESA astronaut Alexander Gerst launched to ISS on Horizons mission

2019 21 July - ESA astronaut Luca Parmitano launched to ISS on Beyond mission

2020 17 December - Dr Josef Aschbacher appointed as Director General of ESA, succeeding Prof. Jan Wörner, for a period of four years from 1 March 2021

2021 31 March - Applications open for a new astronaut group, including for the first time vacancies for reserve astronauts and astronauts with a physical disability.

23 April -  ESA astronaut Thomas Pesquet launched to ISS on his Alpha mission, the first European to fly on a SpaceX Crew Dragon spacecraft

21 July - Launch of the European Robotic Arm to the ISS from Baikonur after 14 years in development

10 November -  ESA astronaut Matthias Maurer launched to the ISS for his Cosmic Kiss mission

2022  27 April – ESA astronaut Samantha Cristoforetti launched to ISS on her Minerva mission

21 July - ESA astronaut Samantha Cristoforetti makes her first spacewalk from ISS,  the first conducted by a European woman

28 September – ESA astronaut Samantha Cristoforetti becomes the fifth European commander of the ISS and the first European woman to be appointed in the role

16 November – Launch of Artemis I to the Moon from the Kennedy Space Center, with ESA’s European Service Module as part of NASA’s Orion spacecraft

23 November – New ESA astronaut class of 2022 announced, including five career astronauts, 11 members of an astronaut reserve and one astronaut with a disability

2023 26 August - ESA astronaut Andreas Mogensen launched to ISS on his Huginn mission

2024 18 January - Launch of ESA project astronaut Marcus Wandt (SE) to the ISS on his Muninn mission, the first of a new generation of European astronauts to fly on a commercial human spaceflight opportunity

2026 13 February - Launch of ESA astronaut Sophie Adenot to ISS on her nine-month Epsilon mission, first of the 2022 class to fly

https://www.esa.int/About_Us/50_years_of_ESA/Key_dates_1960-2026