Kalendarium historycznych wydarzeń

[Orionid]

44 lata temu, 01.05.1979,  Space Shuttle Enterprise dotarł na wyrzutnię 39A, w celu przeprowadzenia testów.

40 Years Ago: Space Shuttle Enterprise rolls to the Pad
May 1, 2019

May 1, 1979: Launch Pad 39A at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center (KSC) in Florida received its first visitor since the launch of the Skylab space station six years earlier. The Space Shuttle Enterprise, the first of a new kind of spacecraft, made the slow 3.5-mile trek from the Vehicle Assembly Building (VAB) to the launch pad, atop the same Mobile Transporter that had carried Saturn V’s during the Apollo Program. (...)
https://www.nasa.gov/feature/40-years-ago-space-shuttle-enterprise-rolls-to-the-pad

On this day in 1979, Space Shuttle Enterprise was rolled out from the Vehicle Assembly Building to Launch Complex 39 at @NASAKennedy. Although it did not launch from the pad, Enterprise was used to conduct fit checks and launch pad procedures.

https://twitter.com/airandspace/status/1653043933226627072
https://twitter.com/NASAhistory/status/1785678066171224267

#OTD in 1979, Launch Pad 39A at @NASAKennedy received its first space shuttle. Over 8 hours, Enterprise made the 3.5-mile trek to the launch pad, atop the historic Mobile Transporter. This trip helped get processes ready for STS-1, the first shuttle launch https://go.nasa.gov/3Unz9Pv

[Orionid]

60 lat temu, 03.05.1963, przeprowadzono pierwszy test systemu spadochronowego statku kosmicznego Apollo.

60 Years Ago: Apollo Parachute Development and Testing
May 3, 2023

The first parachute test using an Apollo boilerplate CM from a modified Air Force cargo aircraft took place on May 3, 1963. The final qualification test drop took place more than five years later, and only three months before Apollo 7, the first crewed Apollo mission. Engineers developing parachute recovery systems for new crewed spacecraft made use of the experience and the lessons learned from the development of the Apollo ELS. (...)
https://www.nasa.gov/feature/60-years-ago-apollo-parachute-development-and-testing
https://twitter.com/NASAhistory/status/1653816585746784277

[Orionid]

04.05.1988
(1/3) 35 lat temu w zakładach chemicznych PEPCON w Henderson w stanie Nevada miała miejsce seria eksplozji, z których największa o godzinie 11:53:33 i 11:57:34 PDT wywołała wstrząsy o sile odpowiednio 3,0 i 3,0 . 3,5 magnitudo. Największy wybuch (równoważny 0,25 kt TNT) spowodowany został przez około 1500 t nadchloranu amonu.
https://twitter.com/Kosmo_Michal/status/1654099694967029760

(2/3) W zakładzie przechowywano tego ponad 4000 t.
Produkowano go również do silników RSRM używanych w SRB amerykańskiego promu kosmicznego.
Nawet po katastrofie Challengera produkcja szła bez ograniczeń, a w fabryce gromadziły się zapasy dla NASA.

(3/3) Eksplozje pochłonęły łącznie 2 ofiary i ponad 400 rannych. Rozmiar zniszczeń był porównywalny z wybuchem bomby atomowej o mocy 1 kt.
Przyczyna katastrofy nigdy nie została w pełni odkryta, ale prawdopodobnie był to błąd ludzki przy spawaniu.

Kod: [Zaznacz]

https://twitter.com/Kosmo_Michal/status/1654099839209070593https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/ADA396009
https://www.reviewjournal.com/local/local-las-vegas/30-years-ago-massive-pepcon-explosion-rocked-las-vegas-valley/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PEPCON_disaster

[Orionid]

39 lat temu, 04.05.1984, podczas 85. dnia 237-dniowej wyprawy kosmonauci Salut 7 EO-3 Leonid Kizim i  Władimir Sołowjow przeprowadzili 4. spacer kosmiczny, który trwał 2g 45m, kontynuując naprawy układu paliwowego stacji orbitalnej  Salut-7.
Zainstalowali drugą linię utleniacza obejściowego [bypass oxidiser line] i wymienili izolację usuniętą podczas 2. EVA.
http://lk.astronautilus.pl/astros/98.htm

Kod: [Zaznacz]

https://twitter.com/aisoffice/status/1654033120633470978

[Orionid]

56 lat temu, 05.05.1967 o 16:00 z wyrzutni SLC5 w  Vandenberg została wystrzelona RN Scout A, która wyniosła  satelitę naukowego Ariel 3.
Satelita osiągnął orbitę o parametrach: hp=499 km, ha=604 km, i=80,60.°, t=95,60 min.
Był to pierwszy sztuczny satelita zaprojektowany i zbudowany w Wielkiej Brytanii
Satelita został wyłączony we wrześniu 1969.
14.12.1970 nastąpiła deorbitacja.

1967 May 5 - . 16:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: Vandenberg SLC5. LV Family: Scout. Launch Vehicle: Scout A.

Ariel 3 - . Payload: UK 3 (UK-E). Mass: 90 kg (198 lb). Nation: UK. Agency: SRC. Class: Technology. Type: Navigation technology satellite. Spacecraft: Ariel. Decay Date: 1970-12-14 . USAF Sat Cat: 2773 . COSPAR: 1967-042A. Apogee: 604 km (375 mi). Perigee: 499 km (310 mi). Inclination: 80.60 deg. Period: 95.60 min. Spacecraft engaged in research and exploration of the upper atmosphere or outer space (US Cat B). .

http://www.astronautix.com/m/may05.html
http://www.astronautix.com/a/ariel.html

https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1967-042A
https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/ariel-3.htm
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ariel_3
https://twitter.com/airandspace/status/1654553105365598209
https://twitter.com/ron_eisele/status/1786839712042193343

Ariel 3, the first satellite designed and built in the UK, was launched OTD 1967. Atmospheric studies of the 5 experiments included measuring galactic noise, electron temperatures & oxygen distribution in the Earth's atmosphere. Shut down in Sept 1969 it re-entered  14 Dec 1970.

https://xcom/aisoffice/status/1787107601584386466

[Orionid]

06.05.1993 o 14:29:59 wahadłowiec wylądował na bieżni 22 Edwards AFB.
https://www.forum.kosmonauta.net/index.php?topic=800.msg116941#msg116941

[Orionid]

55 lat temu, 06.05.1968, Neil Armstrong udanie ewakuował się z LLRV podczas wykonywania testowego lotu.

55 Years Ago: Astronaut Armstrong Survives LLRV Crash
May 4, 2023

On May 6, 1968, NASA astronaut Neil A. Armstrong took off on a simulated lunar landing mission in a Lunar Landing Research Vehicle (LLRV) at Houston’s Ellington Air Force Base (AFB). After about five minutes of nominal flying, the vehicle went out of control. About 200 feet above the ground, Armstrong chose to eject. While the LLRV crashed and burned on impact, Armstrong parachuted safely to the ground and suffered no injuries. An accident investigation board determined that a loss of helium pressure caused depletion of the hydrogen peroxide used for the reserve attitude thrusters. The vehicle’s instrumentation did not provide adequate warning about the adverse situation. Engineers corrected the problems before flights resumed in October, using an updated version of the craft called the Lunar Landing Training Vehicle (LLTV).
https://www.nasa.gov/feature/55-years-ago-astronaut-armstrong-survives-llrv-crash

https://airandspace.si.edu/stories/editorial/neil-armstrongs-apollo-11-close-call

https://twitter.com/airandspace/status/1654945400296464394
https://twitter.com/ron_eisele/status/1787191016065237341

6 May 1968. Astronaut Neil Armstrong ejected from Bell Aerospace Lunar Landing Research Vehicle No. 1 (LLRV-1) at NASA's Manned Spacecraft Centre, Ellington AFB, Houston, Texas.

https://twitter.com/ron_eisele/status/1787191359675170829

6 May 1968. Left: Aerial view of the crashed Lunar Landing Training Vehicle-1 (LLTV-1) at Ellington in Houston. Right: Ground level view of the crashed LLTV-1 at Ellington. Armstrong said:  “It was a contrary machine, and a risky machine, but a very useful one.”

KHW 2021 https://www.forum.kosmonauta.net/index.php?topic=800.msg164216#msg164216

[Orionid]

NATIONAL ASTRONAUT DAY – May 5


https://nationaldaycalendar.com/national-astronaut-day-may-5/
https://twitter.com/poppy_northcutt/status/1654584727846760448
https://twitter.com/Astro_Mike/status/1654588974302740480
https://twitter.com/TAMU/status/1654504325635268609
https://twitter.com/DrSianProctor/status/1654645033147174912

[Orionid]

60 lat temu, 07.05.1963 o 11:38 z wyrzutni LC-17B na Cape Canaveral  została wystrzelona RN Thor Delta B, która wyniosła  satelitę  telekomunikacyjnego Telstar 2 .
Satelita osiągnął orbitę o parametrach: hp=972 km, ha=10802 km, i=42,70.°, t=225,30 min.
Dodatkowo satelita przeprowadził eksperyment polegający na pomiarze rozkładu  energetycznego protonów i elektronów w pasach Van Allena.
16.05.1965 r. o 14:03, podczas 4736 orbity nadajnik VHF satelity został wyłączony.
We Francji sygnały odbierała stacja Pleumeur-Bodou.
Telstar 2 do dziś pozostaje na orbicie.

1963 May 7 - . 11:38 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC17B. LV Family: Thor. Launch Vehicle: Thor Delta B.

Telstar 2 - . Mass: 79 kg (174 lb). Nation: USA. Agency: ATT. Class: Communications. Type: Civilian communications satellite. Spacecraft: Telstar. USAF Sat Cat: 573 . COSPAR: 1963-013A. Apogee: 10,802 km (6,712 mi). Perigee: 972 km (603 mi). Inclination: 42.70 deg. Period: 225.30 min. Active repeater. Spacecraft engaged in practical applications and uses of space technology such as weather or communication (US Cat C). .

http://www.astronautix.com/m/may07.html
http://www.astronautix.com/t/telstar.html

https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1963-013A
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telstar_2
https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telstar_2
Telstar 1, 2 (176 kg) https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/telstar-1.htm

Kod: [Zaznacz]

https://twitter.com/spacemen1969/status/1655093353065660417https://twitter.com/airandspace/status/1655328424246800384

[Orionid]

10 lat temu...

Drugi start Vegi
  07.05.2013 o 02:06:31 z Kourou wystartowała RN Vega, która wyniosła na orbitę satelity Proba-V, VNREDSat-1A (Vietnam Natural Resources, Environment and Disaster Monitoring Satellite) i ESTCube-1 (Estonian Student Satellite).
http://lk.astronautilus.pl/n130501.htm#02
https://www.forum.kosmonauta.net/index.php?topic=1323.msg53186#msg53186

Satelity osiągnęły orbity o parametrach:
Proba-V: hp=814 km, ha=819 km, i=98,71.°, t=101,21 min.
VNREDSat 1a: hp=683 km, ha=685 km, i=98,13.°, t=98,43 min.
ESTCube 1: hp=656 km, ha=672 km, i=98,13.°, t=98,03 min.

2013 May 7 - . 02:06 GMT - . Launch Site: Xichang. Launch Vehicle: Vega.

Proba-V - . Mass: 158 kg (348 lb). Nation: Europe. Class: Surveillance. Type: Surveillance satellite. Spacecraft: PROBA. USAF Sat Cat: 39159 . COSPAR: 2013-021A. Apogee: 819 km (508 mi). Perigee: 814 km (505 mi). Inclination: 98.72 deg. Period: 101.21 min. European Space Agency technology satellite; carryied the Vegetation sensor previously used on French SPOT remote sensing satellites..

VNREDSAT-1 - . Payload: AstroSat-100. Mass: 115 kg (253 lb). Nation: Vietnam. Class: Surveillance. Type: SIGINT. Spacecraft: Myriade. USAF Sat Cat: 39160 . COSPAR: 2013-021B. Apogee: 685 km (425 mi). Perigee: 683 km (424 mi). Inclination: 98.13 deg. Period: 98.43 min. Remote sensing satellite for the Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology..

ESTCube-1 - . Mass: 1.00 kg (2.20 lb). Nation: Estonia. Class: Technology. Type: Technology satellite. Spacecraft: Cubesat. USAF Sat Cat: 39161 . COSPAR: 2013-021C. Apogee: 672 km (417 mi). Perigee: 656 km (407 mi). Inclination: 98.13 deg. Period: 98.03 min. 1U cubesat by the Estonian Student Satellite Program led by the University of Tartu. Space test of the electric solar wind sail. Successful. First Estonian satellite.

http://www.astronautix.com/m/may07.html

Vega launch sequence replay


Lancio Vega VV02 / VV02 Vega Launch - 6/7 maggio / May 2013 - versione completa / full version


Vega VV02 – odwołany start (04.05.2013)
BY KRZYSZTOF KANAWKA ON 4 MAJA 2013
https://kosmonauta.net/2013/05/2013-05-04-vega-1/

Drugi start rakiety Vega zakończony sukcesem
BY KRZYSZTOF KANAWKA ON 7 MAJA 2013
https://kosmonauta.net/2013/05/2013-05-07-vega/

Vega, with Updates, Notches Second Success
Peter B. de Selding May 7, 2013

All three satellites were dropped off into sun-synchronous orbit, inclined at 98 degrees relative to the equator, at altitudes of between 600 and 820 kilometers.

https://spacenews.com/35212vega-with-updates-notches-second-success/

https://www.arianespace.com/press-release/second-vega-launch-by-arianespace-a-success-proba-v-vnredsat-1-and-estcube-1-in-orbit/
https://www.esa.int/Applications/Observing_the_Earth/Proba-V/About_Proba-V
https://spaceflightnow.com/vega/vv02/130507launch/
https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2013/05/vega-second-launch-with-proba-v/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PROBA-V
https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/VNREDSat_1A
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ESTCube-1

PROBA V (158 kg) https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/proba-v.htm
VNREDSat 1a (115 kg) https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/vnredsat-1.htm
ESTCube 1 CubeSat (1U) (1 kg) https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/estcube-1.htm

Kod: [Zaznacz]

https://twitter.com/ESA_History/status/1655121790748987392

[Orionid]

13 lat temu, 07.05.2010, astronauci ESA z grupy 2009 wykonali swój pierwszy lot paraboliczny Zero-G na pokładzie A300
https://twitter.com/ESA_History/status/1655143433412005888

[Orionid]

86 lat temu, 06.05.1937, po trzydniowej podróży przez Atlantyk, sterowiec LZ 129 Hindenburg  spłonął  podczas cumowania na lotnisku w Lakehurst w stanie New Jersey.
Zginęło 13. pasażerów i 22. członków załogi oraz główny członek załogi naziemnej, kapitan Ernst Lehmann.

Today in 1937, German airship LZ 129 Hindenburg burst into flames upon its approach to Naval Air Station Lakehurst, New Jersey—a crash that shocked the world.

https://airandspace.si.edu/stories/editorial/aftermath-hindenburg
https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/LZ_129_Hindenburg
https://twitter.com/airandspace/status/1654914950442237952
https://twitter.com/ron_eisele/status/1787187729828020603

6 May 1937. German Zeppelin LZ-129 Hindenburg caught fire and was destroyed whilst attempting to dock with its mooring mast at Lakehurst Naval Air Station, New Jersey.

[Orionid]

32 lata temu, 07.05.1991 wahadłowiec Endeavour przybył do KSC im. Kennedy'ego na grzbiecie SCA dokładnie  na rok przed pierwszym startem orbitalnym.

Kod: [Zaznacz]

https://twitter.com/airandspace/status/1655358097731518464https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/flyout/multimedia/endeavour/91-05-07-2.html
https://twitter.com/ron_eisele/status/1787553513054036336

7 May 1991. Shuttle Endeavour, built to replace the Challenger, arrived at Kennedy Space Centre Florida atop NASA 747 Shuttle Carrier Aircraft.

Space Shuttle Overview: Endeavour (OV-105)

OV-105 became the first Space Shuttle orbiter to use a drag chute during a landing -- only one of many technical improvements made to Endeavour.
(...)
Construction Milestones
February 15, 1982   Start structural assembly of Crew Module
July 31, 1987   Contract Award
September 28, 1987   Start structural assembly of aft-fuselage
December 22, 1987   Wings arrive at Palmdale, Calif. from Grumman
August 1, 1987   Start of Final Assembly
July 6, 1990   Completed final assembly
April 25, 1991   Rollout from Palmdale
May 7, 1991   Delivery to Kennedy Space Center
April 6, 1992   Flight Readiness Firing
May 7, 1992   First Flight (STS-49)

https://www.nasa.gov/centers/kennedy/shuttleoperations/orbiters/endeavour-info.html

[Orionid]

50 lat temu...

1973 May 9 - . Launch Site: Kourou. LV Family: Arcas. Launch Vehicle: Super Arcas.
EXAMETNET 35-20 - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 75 km (46 mi).

http://www.astronautix.com/m/may09.html
http://www.astronautix.com/c/cnes.html

Kod: [Zaznacz]

https://twitter.com/spacemen1969/status/1655817373839134722

[Orionid]

78 lat temu, 07.05.1945,  NACA założyła ośrodek do testowych startów dla laboratorium Langley na Wallops Island.
https://twitter.com/NASA_Wallops/status/1655228587774017536

WALLOPS FLIGHT CENTER (WFC). The National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) established a test-launching facility for its Langley Laboratory on Wallops Island, Virginia, 7 May 1945. A unit of Langley, it was named the "Auxiliary Flight Research Station." On 10 June 1946, the unit became a division of Langley's Research Department and was named "Pilotless....

https://history.nasa.gov/SP-4402/ch6.htm
https://www.nasa.gov/wallops/2020/feature/wallops-75-years-of-exploration-and-technology-development
KHW 2021 https://www.forum.kosmonauta.net/index.php?topic=800.msg164383#msg164383
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https://www.nasa.gov/wallops-launch-schedule